Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, where nutrient-rich water is used to deliver the essential nutrients directly to the plant roots. Instead of soil, various inert growing mediums such as perlite, vermiculite, coconut coir, or Rockwool are employed to support the plants.

Hydroponic systems offer several benefits, such as faster plant growth, higher yields, and the ability to control and optimize the growing conditions. They are often used in commercial agriculture as well as by hobbyists for indoor gardening.